دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین آسپیراسیون کارآفرینی از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
از اثرات خارجی سرمایه انسانی به آسپیراسیون کارآفرینی: بازنگری ارتباط مهاجرت - تجارت
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
From human capital externality to entrepreneurial aspiration: Revisiting the migration-trade linkage
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Since Gould’s (1994) seminal work, the contribution of immigrants to international trade has been widely recognized. The literature, predominantly concentrated in the field of economics, identified two channels through which migrant networks impact trade. First, there is an information effect in that migrant networks help reduce transaction costs in trade by mitigating information asymmetries and inadequate contract reinforcement. Second, there is a demand effect as immigrants help stimulate trade by demanding goods from their country of origin. Using the same network logic, each of these arguments suggests a positive pro-trade effect of migration. However there has been no attempt to integrate the two, leaving these arguments to simply co-exist in the literature without informing each other. In examining the migration-trade nexus, scholars might choose one of the two arguments to build a theoretical base; when both arguments are included, inconsistent or even contradictory results often emerge (Greenaway, Mahabir, & Milner, 2007; Wagner, Head, & Ries, 2002). A more problematic limitation in the existing literature is associated with two assumptions underpinning the information effect, which lack scrutiny to date. First, proponents of this effect essentially assume that immigrants promote trade by offering information to other economic agents who are directly engaged in trade activities, described by Gould (1994: 302) as immigrant networks leading to “a beneficial human capital-type externality.” In other words, immigrants facilitate trade only indirectly. Second, scholars assuming this human capital externality perspective maintain that higher levels of education affords migrants with better information gathering abilities which in turn helps facilitate trade (Felbermayr & Toubal, 2012). It follows that the pro-trade effect should be greater from high-skilled than from low-skilled migrants, with skills being measured by pro-migration educational attainment. Affirming the pro-trade effect of migrant networks while exploring the effect from an entrepreneurial perspective, a theory to reconcile the two mechanisms and draw on immigrants’ economic and psychological aspirations is proposed. This perspective treats immigrants as individuals who are directly engaged in trade, rather than mere facilitators of trade activities by other economic agents. Stemming from insights in the literature on international entrepreneurship (e.g. Chandra & Coviello, 2010; Coviello & Munro, 1995) and grounded in the social science tradition of ethnic studies (e.g., Light & Bonacich, 1988; Portes,
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کلمات کلیدی:
From human capital externality to entrepreneurial aspiration ... china-research-partnership.ca/.../human-capital-externality-entrepreneurial-aspiration-... From human capital externality to entrepreneurial aspiration: Revisiting the migration-trade linkage. Article. From human capital externality to entrepreneurial ... From human capital externality to entrepreneurial aspiration ... journal-dl.com/item/5910885e3fbb6e137440940b From human capital externality to entrepreneurial aspiration: Revisiting the migration-trade linkage. Download Now (506.04 KB) ... From Human Capital Externality To Entrepreneurial Aspiration ... biblioteca.universia.net/...human-capital-externality-to-entrepreneu... Translate this page from human capital externality to entrepreneurial aspiration: revisiting the migration-trade linkage the economics literature tends to view the positi. [PDF]Human capital in social and commercial entrepreneurship www.seforis.eu/s/Estrin-Mickiewicz-Stephan-SE-vs-CE-human-capital-JBV-2016.pdf by S Estrin - 2016 - Cited by 10 - Related articles May 29, 2016 - social entrepreneurship, and that the effects of human capital ..... Of course, commercial entrepreneurs may also generate positive externalities .... instills preferences and motivations consistent with the core aspiration of social. Social Economics and Entrepreneurship https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1443858757 Georgeta Raţă, Patricia-Luciana Runcan - 2014 - Business & Economics Aspects of entrepreneurship Elements Level of Rate of % Entrepreneurship ... entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship aspirations Early stage entrepreneurship with future ... relations, thus creating positive externalities on entrepreneurial behaviour. ... is stronger when communities regard education and culture as human capital ... START-UP AND GROWTH OF IMMIGRANT SMALL BUSINESSES ... www.worldscientific.com › ... › Available Issues › Volume 11, Issue 04 by JM SEQUEIRA - 2006 - Cited by 116 - Related articles Xiaohua Lin, Xiyan Yang. (2017) From human capital externality to entrepreneurial aspiration: Revisiting the migration-trade linkage. Journal of World Business ... Publications | CCIBD ccibd.ca/publications/ From Human Capital Externality to Entrepreneurial Aspiration: Effect of Migration Network on Trade. Journal of World Business, 52 (3),360–371. Lin, X., & Li, J. [PDF]Education and Human Capital Externalities: Evidence from Colonial ... www.riseprogramme.org/sites/www.rise.ox.ac.uk/files/17_Wantchekon_GDN.pdf by L Wantchekon - 2015 - Cited by 74 - Related articles Feb 28, 2015 - schools in Colonial Benin to uncover human capital externalities and the effects of education on ... through family tax. Village-level externalities run partly through parents' “aspirations” .... Entrepreneurship Freq. 39. 246. 285. Ad What Is Entrepreneurship? - Lesson 1 - Free Online Course Adfee.org/ Entrepreneurship is the key to economic prosperity for society as a whole. Learn: Key Traits Of An Entrepreneur, The Heroic Entrepreneur, The Entrepreneurial Society…
