دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین نتایج مذاکرات و استفاده از زبان دو زبانه اسپانیایی از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
اثرات استفاده از زبان دو زبانه اسپانیایی و فعال شدن کلیشه ای بر نتایج مذاکرات
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
The effects of Hispanic bilinguals language use and stereotype activation on negotiations outcomes
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Background literature and conceptual framework
2.1. Language in service encounters While some prior research shows language to be a useful segmentation criterion in various service sectors (Redondo-Bellon, 1999), much of the literature on bilingualism in services merely discusses the need for, and experience of, bilingual service providers. For example, Chen (2006) offers a personal account of one doctor's experience attempting to work with a patient with limited English ability. The account notes how relying on interpreters, often family and friends, presents a challenge in terms of confidentiality and reliability, thus pointing to the need for professional medical interpreters. Another study evaluates bilingualism in social work services (Engstrom et al., 2009). In a qualitative study, Engstrom and colleagues find that agencies should determine what language skills social workers need, and then should both provide ongoing language training and consider differential pay for those with second language skills (Engstrom et al., 2009). Thus, some prior literature addresses the need for bilingual service providers from an administrative service delivery perspective. More recent studies investigate the impact of service language usage on the consumer. Holmqvist (2011) studies bilingual people in two countries (speaking four languages) and finds that participants in all groups (English/French or Finnish/Swedish, with either language as the primary) prefer using their first language in service encounters, but that this preference is particularly true for high involvement services (such as banking or medicine). A qualitative study identifies financial reasons (some would switch to a service provider in their second language to get a better price) and comfort reasons (many felt more comfortable receiving the services in their native language) underlying the language preferences in both countries, while also identifying political reasons (some expressed hatred or other strong negative emotions for those who refused to speak a certain language) in Canada, but not in Finland. In similar research across three countries, Holmqvist and Van Vaerenbergh (2013) again find a strong preference for service encounters in one's native language, particularly for high involvement services, and no gender difference in this preference. Continuing this line of inquiry, Van Vaerenbergh and Holmqvist (2014) find that consumers are more likely to tip when served in their native language than in a second language. Moreover, the degree to which the consumer believes the server is making an effort to accommodate them mediates this result, which is independent of the consumer's language skills in their second language. Interestingly, political considerations are again important, as those with strong political feelings about language usage are much less likely to tip in their second language. Further research finds consumers are also less likely to spread positive word of mouth, and feel the provider was being less responsive, when served in their second language than in their native language (Van Vaerenbergh & Holmqvist, 2014).
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کلمات کلیدی:
Interactions between Bilingual Effects and Language Impairment ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › NCBI › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC) by AP Castilla-Earls - 2016 - Cited by 3 - Related articles Nov 25, 2015 - Interactions between Bilingual Effects and Language Impairment: Exploring Grammatical Markers in Spanish-Speaking Bilingual Children. Semantic Development in Spanish-English Bilingual Children: Effects ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › NCBI › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC) by L Sheng - 2013 - Cited by 13 - Related articles Nov 16, 2012 - These effects of age and language experience are consistent with predictions of the Revised Hierarchical Model of bilingual lexical ... Dual Language Development of Latino Children: Effect of Instructional ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4171734/ by BA Collins - Cited by 14 - Related articles Jump to Emerging Bilingualism in the Critical Early School Years - For Latino DLLs, the transition to school is ... a distinct new language (Crosnoe, 2005). [PDF]The Effects of Bilingualism on Hispanic Earnings - Department of ... www.stat.columbia.edu/~gelman/stuff_for_blog/rudy.pdf by J Cortina - 2000 - Cited by 7 - Related articles effect of bilingualism we focus our analysis on the Hispanic population of the U.S.. ... Our results also show that not speaking English negatively affects earnings,. Effects of Language Priming on Timed Scholastic Tests Administered ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0549588019 Eugenia C. Gonzalez - 2008 growth rate for Hispanics was 58% compared to a growth rate of 13% for the ... the effects of language on the academic performance of bilingual Hispanics in the ... The Handbook of Hispanic Linguistics https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1405198826 José Ignacio Hualde, Antxon Olarrea, Erin O'Rourke - 2012 - Foreign Language Study As a result, the lexical representations in each language of a bilingual would be ... Note that the “weaker links hypothesis” predicts that lexical frequency effects ... [PDF]Profile Effects in Early Bilingual Language and Literacy digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context... by DK Oller - 2007 - Cited by 219 - Related articles Bilingual children's language and literacy is stronger in some domains than ..... Oller et al.: Profile effects dedal ? blackboard ? nose nariz. English. Spanish. Searches related to effects of Hispanic bilinguals language semantics english vs spanish google scholar
