دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین ظرفیت پراکندگی دانه توسط گوسفند از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
ظرفیت پراکندگی دانه توسط گوسفند و بزها در زیستگاه مرتع خشک نزدیک ساحل
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Seed dispersal capacity of sheep and goats in a near-coastal dry grassland habitat
سال انتشار : 2016
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله ظرفیت پراکندگی دانه توسط گوسفند اینجا کلیک نمایید.
مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Dry grasslands are important habitats for warm-adapted flora and fauna. These ecosystems have typically developed over centuries, and are largely used for low-intensity grazing. Typically thisresultsin a high diversity of flora and fauna including a high frequency of locally endangered species and so they have high value for nature conservation (Poschlod & WallisDeVries 2002). For these types of sites, continued low intensity grazing is likely the best way to conserve existing biodiversity and more intensive agriculture or cessation of grazing islikely to be deleterious(Kahmen & Poschlod 2008; Bakker & Berendse 1999). Alternative management options such as mowing and mulching cannot maintain the typical pattern of disturbance necessary to sustain such semi-natural grasslands (Römermann, Bernhardt-Römermann, Kleyer, & Poschlod 2009) and grazing of large herbivores has proved to be a successful tool for maintenance of diversity (e.g. Bakker, De Bie, Dallinga, Tjaden, & De Vries 1983; Bouchard et al. 2003). Many studies have shown that livestock is an important vectorfor passive seed dispersal(e.g.Bruun&Fritzbøger 2002; Adriaens, Honnay, & Hermy 2007; Auffret, Schmucki, Reimark, & Cousins 2012), and grazing by sheep increased plant diversity by up to 30% in semi-natural meadows in Finland (Hellström et al. 2003). Accordingly, it is assumed that passive seed dispersal is an important factor for the maintenance of biodiversity. Large vertebrate grazers can facilitate seed dispersal in two ways. Ingestion of seeds and their subsequent excretion in faeces is known as endozoochory. Seeds can also be trapped in the fur of vertebrates and dispersed, a process known as epizoochory. Endozoochory by large herbivores, especially ruminants, is a very efficient long-distance dispersalmechanismdue to relatively long gutretention time and wide-ranging movements (e.g. Myers, Vellend, Gardescu, & Marks 2004; Manzano & Malo 2006; Ozinga et al. 2009). Herbivoresmay ingest a large number ofseeds, partly because of their high nutritional value but also unintentionally. A variable number of viable seeds are excreted depending on their morphology and the processes in the gut (Pakeman 2001; Milotic´ & Hoffmann 2016). Epizoochory is facilitated by seed structures such as awns and hooks to enhance the possibility of being transported in the fur of the animals(Couvreur, Vandenberghe, Verheyen, & Hermy 2004). Furthermore, the length of time a seed stays attached to fur depends also on seed mass and the coat type of the animals (Tackenberg, Römermann, Thompson, & Poschlod 2006). Therefore, passive seed dispersal by large herbivores could support the ecological restoration of dry grassland plant communities depending on how many seeds are dispersed and over what distance. Often sheep and goats are herded together because their feeding behaviours are complementary and goats can limit the establishment of trees by eating the seedlings. However the different feeding behaviours and fleece characteristics of sheep and goats might lead to differences in their impact as seed dispersers. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the differences between sheep and goats as seed dispersersin a dry near-costal grassland habitat. In particular, the following questions shall be answered: Doesthe number and diversity ofseeds dispersed by epizoochory and endozoochory differ between sheep and goats? Do epi- and endozoochorously dispersed seeds represent typical common local species and endangered species?
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله ظرفیت پراکندگی دانه توسط گوسفند اینجا کلیک نمایید.
کلمات کلیدی:
15. Seed dispersal capacity of sheep and goats in a near-coastal dry ... en.ahau.findplus.cn/?h=articles&db=edselc&an=edselc.2... Translate this page Title: Seed dispersal capacity of sheep and goats in a near-coastal dry grassland habitat. Authors: Benthien, O. Bober, J. Castens, J. Stolter, C. Affiliation ... Basic and applied ecology - Terkko Navigator https://www.terkko.helsinki.fi/.../14423822_seed-dispersal-capacity... - Translate this page Seed dispersal capacity of sheep and goats in a near-coastal dry grassland habitat. Added 270 days ago (22.03.2016). Journal: Basic and applied ecology. Seed dispersal capacity of sheep and goats in a near-coastal dry ... planthealth.org/.../seed-dispersal-capacity-sheep-and-goats-near-coastal-dry-grassland... Mar 23, 2016 - Screen reader users, click here to load entire articleThis page uses JavaScript to progressively load the article content as a user scrolls. Screen ... Does seed retention potential affect the distribution of plant species in ... onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0906-7590.2007.05049.x/abstract by D Adriaens - 2007 - Cited by 23 - Related articles Aug 31, 2007 - Long-distance dispersal is a crucial factor in the life-cycle of plants, ... insight in the ability of grazing animals to act as seed dispersal vectors. Seed dispersal capacity of sheep and goats in a near-coastal dry ... newscentral.exsees.com/.../70dce4b6313f2cfc315e391eb3c96914-5538d8112cdb7d9... Jan 26, 2017 - Publication date: September 2016. Source:Basic and Applied Ecology, Volume 17, Issue 6. Author(s): O. Benthien, J. Bober, J. Castens, ... Basic and Applied Ecology - SciTitles www.scititles.com/journal-articles/3739?page=1 Seed dispersal capacity of sheep and goats in a near-coastal dry grassland habitat. 9/9 2016. The effects of seed traits and fabric type on the retention of seed ... Recent Basic and Applied Ecology Articles - Elsevier https://www.journals.elsevier.com/basic-and-applied-ecology/recent-articles Uncertainties in the identification of potential dispersal corridors: the importance of ... We equipped eight giraffes with GPS satellite units and VHF capacity.
