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عنوان فارسی مقاله:

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عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:

Constrained functional time series: Applications to the Italian gas market


سال انتشار : 2016



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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:


3. Application to the Italian natural gas balancing platform 

3.1. Context The natural gas market has been studied and discussed extensively over the last decade, from the economic, political, and environmental viewpoints. In Europe, for example, several legislative and infrastructural measures have been undertaken for the regulation of the market. Two such measures are the legal splitting of pipeline managers and gas shippers, and the legislation requiring obligatory third party access to transmission, distribution, storage and liquefied natural gas capacity data (European Union, 2003). While favouring a liberal market, such measures have created several new logistic challenges. In Italy, and various other markets, the national pipeline is no longer controlled solely by the national main natural gas shipper, causing uncertainty in the physical balancing of the network. Under this scenario, several shippers inject natural gas into the network from various different exporting countries, such as Algeria or Russia. The gas is then consumed by civil, industrial, and thermo-electric stations across the country. The role of the pipeline manager, Snam s.p.a., is to balance injections and consumption via storage or other measures. In fact, the responsibility for possible imbalances is assigned to each shipper, which has to predict its injection and withdrawal amounts and communicate these forecasts to Snam daily, with a penalty for any imbalances, whether positive or negative.



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کلمات کلیدی:

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