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عنوان فارسی مقاله:

ریشه های روابط عمومی در پرتغال: تغییر پارادایم قدیمی

عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:

Roots of public relations in Portugal: Changing an old paradigm


سال انتشار : 2016



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4. PR-like activities in the Portuguese Government 

The first traces of organized PR-like activities carried out by the government are found after the establishment of the Portuguese Republic, which resulted from a coup d’état that, on 5th October 1910, deposed the constitutional monarchy. Seven years later, Sidónio Pais (1872–1918) led an uprising against Afonso Costa’s Democratic Party government and con-sequently an authoritarian regime was established in December 1917. Regarded as the first Portuguese politician to set up a propaganda machine (Sousa, 2011), the new president supported the creation of the Information and Propaganda Services of the Portuguese Republic in Friend and Allied Countries (IPSPRFAC). This entity was proposed and created by the journalist Francisco Manuel Homem Cristo Filho (1892–1928), who was appointed to directit since its establishmentin Paris in January 1918. Working in connection with the Portuguese Legation in that city, his mission was to help Sidónio Pais obtain a de jure diplomatic recognition of his government by the allied countries – which feared the new regime could be Germanophile, monarchical or anti-war (Silva, 2006) – and also to conduct much needed counter-propaganda activity. IPSPRFAC’s main concern was the fierce opposition which some prominent Portuguese politicians exercised within the French government and French public opinion and press (Raimundo, 2015). Both João Chagas (former Portuguese prime-minister) and Bernardino Machado (the President deposed by Sidónio Pais’ coup d’état), openly criticized the policies, initiatives and the political protagonists of Sidónio Pais’ New Republic. Although it may not be directly attributed to the IPSPRFAC’s propaganda initiatives, in 1918A. G. Loraine, a British resident in Portugal, published a book entitled Portugal and the Allies: A Message to Great Britain (Loraine, 1918). He defended Sidónio Pais’ regime stating: “Public opinion in Great Britain and France should certainly support an administration which thus desires to utilize instead of suppressing Portugal’s energies and resources” (p. 18). Reviewing this book, The Spectator, a conservative weekly British magazine, stated: “Mr. Loraine confirms [. . .] that the new Portuguese Government under President Sidonia [sic] Paes is far more representative of the nation and far more loyal to the Allies than the Democratic Administration which it overthrew in December last” (“Portugal and the Allies: a Message to Great-Britain”, 1918, p. 21).



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