دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین بررسی اندازه مولکولی در تعامل هیالورونان از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
آیا اندازه مولکولی، عامل تبعیض آمیز در تعامل هیالورونان با سلول های انسان است؟
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Is molecular size a discriminating factor in hyaluronan interaction with human cells?
سال انتشار : 2016
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله بررسی اندازه مولکولی در تعامل هیالوروناناینجا کلیک نمایید.
مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
In recent years, scientists have been studying the correlation between HA molecular weight and physiological functions (Cyphert, Trempus, & Garantziotis, 2015; Cowman, Lee, Schwertfeger, McCarthy, & Turley, 2015; David-Raoudi et al., 2008; Ferguson,Roberts,Moseley, Griffiths, & Thomas, 2011;Ke, Sun Qiao, Wang, & Zeng, 2011). Generally, native HAs (high molecular weight ranging from 2000 to 1000 kDa) are space-filling molecules with anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effect, while lower Mw HA may be involved in an inflammation process (Frenkel, 2014). In particular, there has been an increasing effort to clarify the role of low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) in the interaction with both the epidermis/dermis and articular joint functions (Ghosh & Guidolin, 2002). HA has been reported to be a free radical scavenger, presenting antioxidant function. It enhances the wound healing process and presents both angiogenic (Gao et al., 2010) and immunostimulatory activity (Ke et al., 2013). Due to water attracting characteristics in tissue repair, for example, long chain HA has cushioning and visco-elastic properties that create a porous scaffold onto which the cell might migrate; on the contrary, medium-size HA fragments (100–250 kDa) have been found to promote cell migration and contemporarily to stimulate and modulate pro-inflammatory cytokines production; finally very small fragments (4 saccharides) have been found to induce chemotaxis (Frenkel, 2014). Vigetti et al. have reported that small HA fragments, ranging from 3 to 25 disaccharides (1.2–10 kDa), have inflammatory effects and show pro-angiogenic activity in human cell models (Vigetti et al., 2014). Ranging between 1, 6–4, 8 kDa, Oligo-fragments possess anti-apoptotic activity and induce heat shock proteins. As a matter of fact, they are recognized by different cell surface and receptors both in normal tissue and in cancer cells (Manjunath, Ahmed, Avadni, & Kumar, 2011). Other studies have shown that very low molecular weight HA (10–20 kDa) enhanced cell migration and proliferation and increase the expression of inflammatory mediators acting as an endogenous danger signal (Stern, Kogan, Jedrezejas, & Soltes, 2007). Especially in wound healing process,the inflammatory response is driven by the primary cytokines tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) and interleukin-6 (Campo et al., 2009). Contemporarily in injured tissue, the role of TGF-1 has been widely investigated for its function in modulating ECM biosynthesis (Eldred, Dawes, & Wormston, 2011). A
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله بررسی اندازه مولکولی در تعامل هیالوروناناینجا کلیک نمایید.
کلمات کلیدی:
