دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین استرس محیطی اجتماعی از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
بازتاب شیب استرس های محیطی اجتماعات میکرو شبپره در یک ذخیره گاه طبیعی مدیترانه
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Micro-moth communities mirror environmental stress gradients within a Mediterranean nature reserve
سال انتشار : 2016
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله استرس محیطی اجتماعی اینجا کلیک نمایید.
مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Human impact on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is omnipresent in the anthropocene, e.g. through habitat loss, fragmentation, pollution or climate change (Zalasiewicz, Williams, Steffen, & Crutzen, 2010). Today small remnant patches of near-natural habitats gain ever more importance as nature reserves (Hanski, 2011). Though aimed at offering refuges to threatened biota, these habitat islands embedded in an anthropogenically transformed matrix do not go unaffected. Habitat quality is fundamental to the persistence of those organismal communities for whom conservation reserves have been designed (Mortelliti, Amori, & Boitani, 2010; Zulka et al., 2014). Therefore, understanding the impact of extrinsic environmental stressors on small-sized nature reserves, and how conservation management can be targeted to protect even small biodiversity islands in a cultivated landscape, is a central point of concern. Matrix effects on isolated habitat patches are manifold. Especially edge effects or influx of environmental chemicals from the surroundings are expected to prevail in small patches. This can substantially affect habitat quality and consequently species assemblages (Mairota et al., 2015). Essential services for which nature reserves are genuinely preserved and considered important such as providing of genetic resources, biological control, pollination and nutrient cycling (Dobson et al., 2006), might collapse due to human activities in the vicinity. The status and integrity of conservation areas is usually monitored with the help of selected indicator organisms (Cardoso, Rigal, Fattorini, Terzopoulou, & Borges, 2013). Often the local plant community is assessed, supplemented by selected animal species of special conservation concern (Diaz & Cabido, 2001; Pinho et al., 2012). However, plants do not necessarily provide insight into human influences on higher trophic layers. In fact, climbing the food-web from the plant level, linkages between productivity, stability and biodiversity can be modified, dampened or even reversed (Worm & Duffy, 2003). But if anthropogenic degradation in a habitat were to negatively affect herbivores, this could influence processes along the entire food web by means of trophic cascades. We here explore nocturnal micro-moths for their potential to reveal anthropogenic threats to habitat quality at small spatial scales. Lepidopterans are well known to respond sensitively to pollution or habitat disturbance through changes in species composition, abundance or diversity. Accordingly, butterflies (Berg, Ahrné, Öckinger, Svensson, & Wissman, 2013) and larger moths (Fiedler, Hilt, Brehm, & Schulze, 2007; Luque, Legal, Winterton, Mariano, & Gers, 2011) have often been surveyed along environmental gradients. Micromoths, however, have thus far hardly been exploited in that regard, except for a few studies concerning responses of individual species or species groups along pollution gradients (Koricheva & Haukioja, 1992; Rickman & Connor, 2003). Thisseemssurprising, because their large numbers ofspecies and individuals, together with their often high degree of hostplant specificity and habitat fidelity at small spatial scales (Gaston, Reavey, & Valladares, 1992; Menken, Boomsma, & van Nieukerken, 2010), render micro-moths a potentially promising group to reveal ecosystem effects arising from disturbance. Due to their mostly small body size, even isolated conservation areas can be expected to offer a sufficient carrying capacity to sustain micro-moth populations as long as the quality of their habitats is maintained. In order to empirically test these ideas, we surveyed micromoth communities along two gradients of environmental stress in an isolated nature reserve embedded in a hemerobic landscape that is otherwise dominated by urbanization and intensive agriculture. Specifically, we investigated if species diversity, functional diversity or species composition of micro-moth communities mirror habitat gradients related to environmental stress that can be observed within a protected area. M
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله استرس محیطی اجتماعی اینجا کلیک نمایید.
کلمات کلیدی:
Micro-moth communities mirror environmental stress gradients within ... https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/catalog/5270644 by B Uhl - 2016 - Related articles Abstract. Isolated conservation areas embedded in a hemerobic landscape matrix run the risk of losing their functionality through stress impacts from their ... Britta Uhl https://www.univie.ac.at/population-ecology/people/phd/britta_uhl_publications.html 2015: Micro-moth communities mirror environmental stress gradients within a Mediterranean nature reserve. Basic and Applied Ecology 17, 273-281 Environmental stress, facilitation, competition, and coexistence. - NCBI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24597219 by SP Hart - 2013 - Cited by 19 - Related articles Stress/ disturbance gradient models of community organization, such as the stress gradient hypothesis, emphasize a diminished role for competition in harsh ... Diversity of Meiofauna from the 9°50′N East Pacific Rise across a ... journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0012321 by S Gollner - 2010 - Cited by 32 - Related articles Aug 10, 2010 - The vent community was dominated by hard substrate generalists that ... According to ecological theory, across an environmental stress gradient highest ...... and Columbiformes) mirror the expression of developmental control ... “Fingerprints” of Climate Change: Adapted Behaviour and Shifting ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1441986928 G.-R. Walther, Conradin A. Burga, Peter Edwards - 2012 - Science ... of naturallyoccurring Antarctic species and communities are also likelyto mirror ... yet to take advantage of the potentialof the environmental gradient extending ... to environmental stress should permit changes in resource allocation patterns. Dealing with scarce data to understand how environmental gradients ... www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/23012740.pdf 2011 - Cited by 56 - Related articles shed light on the role of environmental stress/disturbance gradients and propagule pressure on invasibility of plant communities in these typical model systems. Location: Sandy coasts of ..... tional environmental changes also mirror a complex.
