دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین اثر رشد بلند مدت توسعه از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
اثرات رشد بلند مدت سیاست تحقیق و توسعه
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
The long-run growth effects of R&D policy
سال انتشار : 2017
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
3. Empirical analysis
Our empirical analysis is aimed at evaluating whether, and to what extent, R&D policy influences the long-run rate of productivity growth. In essence, we estimate a growth equation which includes the main determinants identified by the two strands of Schumpeterian growth theory, as described above. Our empirical specification is general enough to nest, under certain parameter conditions, either fully-endogenous growth or semi-endogenous growth and, hence, we are able to fully discriminate between these two classes of models.The empirical model is estimated within a dynamic panel data setting on twenty US manufacturing industries over the 1975–2000 period. In what follows, we describe the econometric methodology and the data. 3.1. Estimation procedure and econometric issues Following the extensive literature on tax policy and economic growth, we estimate an equation where the rate of productivity growth, gy, is a function of the innovation policy variable, (Lee and Gordon, 2005; Gemmell et al., 2011; Arnold et al., 2011). We augmentthis specification with the set of variables identified by the two strands of Schumpeterian growth theory as drivers of longrun growth, i.e., the rate of population growth, n, and the rate of knowledge growth, gA (or R&D intensity, s): gy,it = 0i + zit−1 + it, (4) where i denotes industries, t the year of observation, 0i are industry fixed effects, zit = {it, gF,it, gA,it} is a matrix of regressors, is a vector of the corresponding long-run parameters. it is an error term described below. Explanatory variables are one-year lagged with respect to gy to mitigate reverse causality problems. Although the limited time span in this paper (25 years) might not be suf- ficient to understand whether the growth effect of R&D policy is permanent or transitory, the time interval should be nevertheless sufficient to understand whether this effect is or not persistent (Gemmell et al., 2011). To infer , we estimate the growth equation by means of a novel technique of regression, the CS-DL approach (Chudik et al., 2016). This procedure considers a dynamic version of Eq. (4), expressed as an Auto-Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) model, and reformulates it in a way to avoid the bias in the long-run coefficients arising from the inconsistency in the parameter of the lagged dependent variable (Nickel effect). The main advantage ofthe CS-DL regression is that it yields more precise long-run estimates than ARDL when the time dimension of the data is not sufficiently long (less than 50 time observations).
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کلمات کلیدی:
PDF]The Long-Run Growth Effects of R&D Subsidies - CiteSeerX citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.202.365&rep=rep1...pdf by PS Segerstrom - Cited by 195 - Related articles ature is that public policies can have long-run growth effects by influencing the incentives ... R&D subsidies lead to a lower long-run rate of economic growth. [PDF]Empirical analysis of the effects of R&D on productivity - OECD.org https://www.oecd.org/std/productivity-stats/37511005.pdf There is little, if any, dispute that R&D is a major source of long-term ... empirical difficulty in pinning down a magnitude on the effect that R&D has had on .... the period of major R&D growth in Australia—but accelerated from the mid-1990s. .... influences as human capital, infrastructure and changes in the policy and ... [PDF]The Growth Effects of R&D Spending in the EU - Economics E-Journal www.economics-ejournal.org/economics/discussionpapers/2015-29/count by A Kokko - 2015 - Cited by 9 - Related articles Apr 22, 2015 - The assumption that R&D will help reach EU's long-term objectives is largely .... the literature on the growth effects of public and private R&D, and makes .... coherent innovation policy approach due to the occurrence of strong ... The Long-Run Growth Effects of R&D Subsidies - EconStor https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/95031/1/wp506.pdf by PS Segerstrom - 1998 - Cited by 195 - Related articles Furthermore, because R&D subsidies promote growth, many other public policies that indirectly a®ect the R&D incentives of firms can also have long-run growth ...
