دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین لاکتون گلپر از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
تشکیل کارآمد لاکتون گلپر در تبدیل فاز بخار اسید لوولینیک
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Efficient formation of angelica lactones in a vapor-phase conversion of levulinic acid
سال انتشار : 2016
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله لاکتون گلپر اینجا کلیک نمایید.
مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Applications of renewable biomass provide facile routes to alleviate the shortage of fossil fuels as well as to reduce CO2 emission. Biomass represents an abundant carbon-neutral renewable resource for the production of bioenergy and biochemicals, which can replace the energy and the materials produced from fossil resource [1]. Shifting society’s dependence away from petroleum to renewable biomass resources is generally viewed as an important contributor to the development of a sustainable industrial society and effective management of greenhouse gas emissions [1–3]. Levulinic acid (LA) is an attractive chemical, which can be produced from cellulose [2,4] and hemicellulose [2,5–7] as well as sugars [8,9] presented in agricultural and forest residues. LA is used as a food flavoring agent and also a starting material for the preparation of a variety of industrial and pharmaceutical compounds [10,11].ManyusefulC5 chemicals, suchas angelica lactones (ALs), -valerolactone (GVL), 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and 1,4- pentanediol, can be derived from LA[3,12]. Among these chemicals, attention has been highly focused on the production of GVL because of the important use of GVL as a solvent and an intermediate in the chemical industry for energy storage [13,14]. Although ALs haveimportant uses in various fields, selective conversion of LA to ALs has rarely been reported. ALs include three isomers, -, - and -angelica lactone (AL) [15], as shown in Scheme 1. -AL has been widely used as a flavoring essence in the food and tobacco industry for its pleasant aromas [16].In the application ofALs,ALs can be used for producing degradablepolymers [17], alkyllevulinates [18], and GVL [15,19].Recently, the conversion of ALs to C6-C13 gasoline-like hydrocarbons has attracted much attention [20,21]. In this process, dimerization and trimerization of ALs are efficiently catalyzed by K2CO3, and C6-C13 hydrocarbons can be selectively produced by the further hydrogenation of the corresponding dimers and trimers of ALs. Thus, ALs are expected to be novel feedstocks for the production of chemicals and transportation fuels. In some previous patents, production of ALs from LA was performed under reaction distillation conditions, and ALs yields higher than 90% could be achieved in the presence of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfated ZrO2, or SiO2-Al2O3 [3,22–25]. Mascal et al. performed LA lactonization over montmorillonite clay catalyst in a distillation flask, and 92% yield of ALs was achieved at 165 ◦C under a reduced pressure of 0.07 MPa [20]. Xin et al. also performed the same reaction under reaction distillation conditions, and ALs yield reached to 97% in the presence of H-ZSM5 at 130 ◦C under a reduced pressure of 0.01 MPa [21]. In this study, we firstly report a vapor-phase lactonization of LA to ALs over solid catalysts under continuous flow conditions using fixed-bed down flow reactors. The reaction equilibrium was investigated and the suitable reaction conditions for ALs formahtttion from LA were studied. The active species for the ALs formation from LA were also discussed and a detailed formation route for the lactonization of LA to ALs was proposed.
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله لاکتون گلپر اینجا کلیک نمایید.
کلمات کلیدی:
One-Pot Transformation of Levulinic Acid to 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran ... pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00181 by T Mizugaki - 2016 - Cited by 7 - Related articles Feb 22, 2016 - (1-3) Among a diversity of biomass derivatives, levulinic acid (LA), .... and there was no conversion of LA when Mo/H-β was used (Table 1, entries 11 and 12). ..... A.Vapor phase hydrogenation of aqueous levulinic acid over ... [PDF]Notes Vapour phase hydrogenation of aqueous levulinic acid to γ ... nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/.../2/IJCA%2055A%285%29%20554-559.pdf by VS Jaya Vapour phase hydrogenation of levulinic acid to ... obtained 100% conversion and 99.9% selectivity at ... hydroxyapatite as a good catalyst in the conversion of. Highly Efficient Vapor‐Phase Hydrogenation of Biomass‐Derived ... onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cctc.201600524/pdf by W Li - 2016 - Cited by 1 - Related articles levulinic acid (LA) over homogeneous and heterogeneous cata- lysts.[4] With respect to ... Ru/C catalyst gained 100% yield of GVL by vapor-phase hydro- genation. ..... cal conversion can be achieved over Zr-free Ni/Al2O3/NF cata- lyst under ... Patent US3235562 - Making lactams by the vapor phase reductive ... https://www.google.com/patents/US3235562 The reductive amination described herein is typified by the conversion of levulinic acid (gamma-oxovaleric acid) to S-methyl-Z-pyrrolidone in the following ... Hydrodeoxygenation of Levulinic Acid over Supported Catalysts https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/307933/Luo.pdf?sequence=1 by W Luo - 2014 - Related articles Selective, One-pot Catalytic Conversion of Levulinic Acid to Pentanoic Acid over ..... process for the commercial-scale manufacturing of GVL via vapor-phase.
